Motorcycle Safety Training Online

Our Motorcycle Safety Training online is perfect for first time motorcyclist or updating your motorbike training. Our program is a CSC certified and a highly recommended way to stay safe, healthy, and protected on the road!

Course Duration
30 minutes

Price
$39

English
Purchase

Find out how you can save 40% on average when compared to in-class training with tools to create any training.

Membership

Overview

Motorcycle accidents account for an enormous percentage of serious automobile injuries, and even fatalities, each year in Canada. That’s why the Canada Safety Council has created specific motorcycle safety training guidelines. These guidelines are intended to provide valuable information about motorbike controls, protective riding gear, and driving safety. This is one of the most extensive and informational motorcycle safety course available, with motorcycle course modules including:

Introduction to Motorcycling
Taking a Motorcycle Safety Course
Motorbike Controls, Features, and Accessories
Riding Gear-It’s Between You and the Road
Getting Ready for the Ride
Situational Riding Skills
Safe Riding Techniques
Lane Positioning
Decision-Making and Situational Awareness

Who Needs Motorcycle Safety Training Online?

Are you interested in saving money and time on your Motorcycle License training program? Searching for engaging motorcycle training software with customized graphics, video examples from the real world, and an interactive multimedia structure? Do you want to improve your safety on the road? Then this course is for you.

Course Outline

We created our Motorcycle Safety Online program using top-quality, multimedia training materials and sessions, custom graphics and real-world video examples. This helps encourage student interaction, engagement and solid knowledge retention.

Starting with an introduction to the finer points of motorcycles (and the reasons why safety training is so important), you’ll quickly move into safety specifics and other important considerations.

Topics are divided into 9 modules and include:

Introduction to Motorcycling
Taking a Motorcycle Safety Course
Motorbike Controls, Features, and Accessories
Riding Gear-It’s Between You and the Road
Getting Ready for the Ride
Situational Riding Skills
Safe Riding Techniques
Lane Positioning
Decision-Making and Situational Awareness

Each module thoroughly covers related subtopics, providing one of the most detailed motorcycle training courses available, both online and off. There’s a lot more to motorcycle safety than meets the eye, and interactive multimedia training helps participants achieve maximum information retention – much better than a manual or simple video.

Participants receive a graduation certificate upon successful completion of all course modules, quizzes and final exam – a passing grade of 80% must be achieved, and prescriptive remediation is provided where necessary until students fully understand every concept covered in the training.

Regulations

All our online training meets provincial and federal regulations. For specific outlines please find your province below.

Alberta

Motorcycle Safety Online – What you should know before you ride
This is not an official source of information. It has been assembled as a convenience to students for reference and further study. Some extracts from official sources such as Regulations are provided. These are not guaranteed to completely cover all the material available in the Regulations. URL’s of those official sources are provided to allow the full text to be consulted.

Motorcycle Licensing and Operator Information

Learning to ride
A Class 6 licence is required to operate a motorcycle on a public roadway.

When learning to ride a motorcycle, a person must:

Be at least 16 years old
Hold a valid operator’s licence, this can be a Class 7 (learner’s)
Have an instructor 18 years of age or older with a valid Class 6 non-Graduated Driver’s Licence (GDL) either seated on the bike, following on another motorcycle or in another motor vehicle.

Probationary riders in the GDL program are subject to the following
conditions as well:

If they hold a Class 7 licence, they may not ride at night, (night time for GDL motorcycle riders is defined as from one hour after sunset or 12:00 midnight, whichever is earlier, and extends until one hour before sunrise or 5 A.M., whichever is later)
Have a zero alcohol level
They will be suspended at eight demerit points than fully licensed drivers at 15.

Getting a Class 6 License (Motorcycle)

Knowledge test
The Class 6 knowledge test is a requirement for obtaining a Class 6 operator’s license and must be obtained prior to the road test. The knowledge test questions are taken from this guide and the Alberta Basic License Driver’s Handbook.

The questions are about safe-driving practices for motorcycle riders, rules of the road, and traffic control signs and signals, as well as licensing information.
A fee is charged for each knowledge test.

Road test
The Class 6 operator’s license road test is done in a traffic environment. The road test is done at a registry agent office or at an approved motorcycle school. Tests at motorcycle schools will be available for students who have completed an authorized training course.

All Class 6 road tests are scheduled by registry agents, who will arrange for driver examiners to do the tests. This includes tests done at motorcycle schools.

Driver examiners will assess the rider’s “road-readiness” before entering into traffic. The driver examiner will ensure the motorcycle is mechanically safe before the test. If it is not mechanically safe, the driver examiner will not do the test.

Instructions will be given to the rider prior to the road test. The rider will also receive instructions in advance of each maneuver and during the test, by use of a one-way radio.

British Columbia

How to get your motorcycle licence in B.C.

The steps you take to get a Class 6 motorcycle licence depend on what kind of
driver’s licence you have now.

If you already have a B.C. driver’s licence (Class 1-5) Then you can get a Class 6 motorcycle licence after passing a knowledge test, motorcycle skills test, and a road test.
If you are already in graduated licensing (that is, you have a Class 7L or Class 7 licence to drive passenger vehicles), then you can get a Class 6 motorcycle licence by taking graduated licensing for motorcycles.
If you don’t have a B.C. driver’s licence, then you can get a Class 6 motorcycle licence by passing a new drivers’ knowledge test, as well as taking graduated licensing for motorcycles.

About the graduated licensing program (GLP) in B.C.

Getting your first B.C. driver’s licence is an exciting time! However, driving is especially risky when you lack experience. Not only are new drivers more prone to crash, one in four of their crashes result in an injury or fatality.

Graduated licensing is a two-stage program designed to help you become a safe driver for life—and reduce your risk of crashing while learning. As a new driver, it typically takes 36 months to get your driver’s licence.

Information about the learner The learner’s (L) licence stage:

The first stage is the learner’s L stage (L) licence with restrictions to help reduce
the risks while learning to drive.

After 12 months of prohibition-free driving, you qualify to take your first road test—the Class 7 road test. You can stay in the learner’s (L) stage as long as you need to. Your learner’s (L) licence is valid for 2 years but can be renewed by re-qualifying on the knowledge test in the learner’s (L) stage. Once you pass the road test, you will receive a novice (N) licence.

To obtain a B.C. driver’s licence, you must be 16 years old. If under 19, bring your parent or legal guardian to sign for your application. Information about the novice stage of the Graduated Licensing Program The novice (N) licence stage:

For the novice (N) stage some of the learner’s (L) licence stage restrictions are removed.

You will be eligible to take the second Class 5 road test to exit the GLP after 24 months of prohibition-free driving in the Novice (N) licence stage. Once you pass this test, you will graduate to your full-privilege driver’s licence.

Want to reduce your novice (N) stage by six months?

You can reduce your novice (N) licence stage by six months by taking an ICBC-approved driver education course. The approved course must be taken while you are still in the learner’s (L) stage and you must:

Be prohibition free
Not get any violation tickets, or
Have any at-fault crashes in order to keep your six-month reduction.

Manitoba

Manitoba’s Graduated Driver’s Licence (GDL) Program

Motorcycles -Class 6

The Class 6 Driver Licence Stages are:

M – Motorcycle Training Course Stage – permits operation of a motorcycle
while taking the motorcycle training course only

L – Learner Stage

I – Intermediate Stage

F – Full Stage

Each stage has specific restrictions imposed on the new driver that will reduce the opportunity and likelihood for them to engage in risky driving behaviour.

The time within the Learner and Intermediate Stages is only earned if the driver holds a valid licence. The driver will not earn credit for time served in the stage if their licence is suspended, prohibited or expired.

To apply for a Class 6 (Motorcycle) licence, you must:

Hold a valid licence of any other class and be at least 16 years of age.
Pass a knowledge (written) test and meet the vision and medical standards. If you fail the knowledge test, you must wait a minimum of seven days before you may take another knowledge test.
Successfully complete an approved Motorcycle Training Course.
Motorcycle Training Course

Prior to obtaining a Motorcycle Learner Licence, first-time motorcycle applicants must complete an approved Motorcycle Training Course. On the successful completion of the knowledge test, you will be issued a motorcycle M Stage licence that will allow you to take the Motorcycle Training Course only.

The Motorcycle Training Course is an approved one-day practical course that will provide the new motorcyclist with the basic skills required to operate a motorcycle. It is a user-pay course offered at designated locations throughout the province. Contact your nearest Autopac agent or Manitoba Public Insurance for further information on the recognized motorcycle training course.

Time spent in the M stage does not count toward the nine-month Learner Stage.

Class 6 Learner (L) Stage (minimum nine months)

On successful completion of the Motorcycle Training Course, you will be issued a certificate that you must present to your Autopac agent, Manitoba Public Insurance Service Centre, or mobile testing unit before the Class 6 Learner Stage licence will be issued.

Once you have your Class 6 Learner Stage licence, you may operate a motorcycle following these restrictions:

Maintain zero blood alcohol content while operating a motorcycle
Carry no passengers

While in the Class 6 Learner Stage, you are not allowed to:

Drive at night (1/2 hour before sunset to 1/2 hour after sunrise)
Tow vehicles
Operate off-road vehicles along or across a highway (unless you hold a minimum Class 5 Intermediate Stage licence)
Class 6 Intermediate (I) Stage (minimum 15 months)

To graduate to this stage, you must pass the Class 6 road test. If you fail the road test, you must wait a minimum of 14 days before you may take another road test.

During the Class 6 Intermediate Stage, you:

Must maintain zero blood alcohol content
May carry a passenger
May tow a vehicle
May operate off-road vehicles along or across highways
You are only required to complete the Intermediate Stage once. Credit for time served in the Intermediate Stage in Class 6 will be given for the Intermediate Stage in Class 5 and vice versa.

Class 6 Full (F) Stage*:

On completion of the 15-month Intermediate Stage, you will graduate to the Full Licence Stage. For the first 36 months, you must continue to maintain zero blood alcohol content while operating a motorcycle.

* The law about blood alcohol content (BAC) changed as of December 2006.
If you entered GDL before the law changed:

You must have no alcohol in your blood for the first 12 months

If you entered GDL after the law changed:

You must have no alcohol in your blood for the first 36 months.

New Brunswick

Class 6 (All Motorcycles)

Applicant must be at least 16 years of age.
Applicants under the age of 18 years must have a parental consent form.
Must pass vision screening (20/40 best eye).
Must pass written tests (basic -signs -supplementary).
Must pass road test on a mechanically fit motorcycle.
Must wear adequate protective headgear.

Explanation

The Class 6 licence permits the holder to operate a motorcycle and all vehicles included in Classes 6D and 9 on a street or highway.
Class 6D (Not to exceed 550 ccs)

Applicant must be at least 16 years of age.
Applicants under the age of 18 years must have a parental consent form.
Must pass vision screening (20/40 best eye).
Must pass written tests (basic -signs -supplementary).
Must pass road test on a mechanically fit motorcycle.

Class 6D licence authorizes you to operate a motorcycle up to and including 550 ccs and a Class 9 vehicle. Anything over this size requires a Class 6 licence.

All motorists in New Brunswick under the age of 21 must maintain a 0% Blood Alcohol Level while driving.

Newfoundland

Newfoundland and Labrador implemented a Graduated Driver Licensing Program on January 1, 1999. Graduated Licensing is a gradual, step by step Licensing process that’s designed to help novice (new) drivers acquire the knowledge and skill needed to safely operate a motor vehicle. This is accomplished by gradually increasing driving privileges during the new driver’s first two years on the road. There are two levels during the novice driver period.

They are:

You must be at least 16 years of age to apply for a Class 6 Level I (motorcycle). You must present (at the time you are applying for your learner’s permit) proof of age and identification. All documents must be originals. Photocopies are not accepted unless certified. For further information on acceptable documentation please see Identification Documentation requirements.

You are required to pass a written and vision test. The written test consists of questions about the rules of the road, safe driving practices and road sign recognition. A mark of 85% is a passing grade for the written test.

If you are applying for a Class 6 level I (motorcycle) licence you are required to do a balance test in addition to the written and vision tests. You must contact the nearest Motor Registration Division office in your area for an appointment.

If you are under 19 years of age, you will be required to get parental or guardian consent before a learner’s licence will be issued to you. There is a consent block provided on the driver application form.

If you are a 16-year-old driver presenting a valid driver’s licence from another jurisdiction which has a graduated driver Licensing program, you will be placed in Class 5, Level I. If you have taken an approved driver education course, you will be given a 4 month credit and upon reaching 16 years 8 months, will receive a Class 5, Level II driver’s licence. If you have not taken a driver education course you will remain at Level I until your 17th birthday, at which time you will graduate to a Class 5, Level II licence. A road test is not required since you would have already passed a road test in another jurisdiction, which Newfoundland and Labrador recognizes.

Other licenced drivers taking up residence in the province will have their experience rated against the Newfoundland and Labrador system and will be placed in the appropriate phase. Age, driving experience and class of licence currently held will determine placement.

Driving Restrictions -Learner (Level 1)
Class 6 (Motorcycle)

The Class 6, Level I licence is valid for a period of two (2) years. A novice driver must spend a minimum of 12¹ months as a Level 1 driver before he or she may take a road test.

¹ This time may be reduced to 8 months with successful completion of an approved motorcycle driver education program. An approved driver education program is one that has been approved by the Minister of Service NL in Class 5 or Class 6 driving. An approved program will be presented by a driving school. These programs provide both in-class and in-car training.

Accompanied by a licensed driver with 4 years driving experience as a Class 6 driver on another motorcycle, or in a motor vehicle.
A passenger on a motorcycle not permitted.
No upgrade to commercial class driver licence until the driver has held a valid
A licence of at least ” Class 05 ” for a minimum of one (1) year.
Not permitted to drive after dark. Dark is defined as a ½ hour before sunset to a ½ hour after sunrise.
Not permitted on highways where the posted speed limit exceeds 80 km/h.
Novice Driver must have 0% Blood Alcohol Content (BAC).
Accompanying driver must have 0% Blood Alcohol Content (BAC).

Driving Restrictions -Novice Driver (Level II)
Class 6 (Motorcycle)

The Novice Driver must spend 12 months at Level II.
No driving between midnight and 5 a.m.
Novice Driver must have 0% Blood Alcohol Content (BAC).

Nova Scotia

Motorcycle Safety Online – What you should know before you ride
This is not an official source of information. It has been assembled as a convenience to students for reference and further study. Some extracts from official sources such as Regulations are provided. These are not guaranteed to completely cover all the material available in the Regulations. URLs of those official sources are provided to allow the full text to be consulted.

Graduated Drivers Licence System

On October 1, 1994, Nova Scotia implemented Graduated Driver Licensing. This means any new driver, regardless of age, who applies for a Learners licence after October 1, 1994, will operate under the graduated system.

Building upon existing provisions of the Motor Vehicle Act, the graduated driver licensing system is a comprehensive approach which addresses driver training and education; skills and knowledge testing; driver improvement programs and the issue of driver inexperience.

Graduated licensing is a system which places driving conditions on the beginner driver. As these conditions are gradually and systematically removed, exposure
to increasingly risky situations is gradually phased in. Rather than being exposed to the full range of driving hazards at once, the novice driver is eased into full unrestricted driving situations with more competence and more experience to handle unexpected events.

For the Motorcycle Driver

Motorcycle Learner’s licence (Initial licence)

To obtain a motorcycle learner’s licence, the new driver must:

Obtain a learner’s (Class 7) driver’s licence or Class 8,
Successfully complete a motorcycle rules test, and
Successfully complete a practical skills test.

Operating conditions include:

No passengers,
Driving only during daylight hours (one-half hour before sunrise to one-half hour after sunset), and
Zero blood alcohol content.

This licence is valid for one year. Licence suspensions at the learner’s stage will delay the upgrade to a Class 6 licence by the minimum time requirement; that is, 3 months if an approved motorcycle course is taken, 6 months if not.

Upgrade to Motorcycle Driver’s licence (Class 6):

The motorcycle driver may graduate to a regular motorcycle driver’s licence after 6 months and successfully completing an advanced skills test, or after 3 months if an approved motorcycle course is successfully completed. At this point, they hold a Class 6(N) licence.

Operating conditions include:

Must remain at this level for two years or may choose to get a 5(N) with the Motorcycle endorsement (A),
No driving between midnight and 5 a.m.,
Zero blood alcohol level content, and
Must successfully complete a defensive driving course.
Newly licensed drivers may apply for an exemption from the nighttime driving curfew for employment purposes.

Licence suspensions at this stage will delay graduation to the regular driver stage by 2 years from the date the licence is reinstated.

Motorcycle licence Endorsement:

For regular Class Licence holders, the driver with a valid licence (Class 1-5) may obtain a motorcycle learner’s licence by successfully completing a rules test and
A practical skills test.
Operating conditions are the same as the motorcycle learner (Initial licence).
The paper learner motorcycle licence is valid for one year and must be carried with your photo ID Licence.

Upgrade to Motorcycle Endorsement on Driver’s licence:

The driver may upgrade to a motorcycle endorsement on a valid driver’s licence (Class 1-5) after 3 months and successfully completing an advanced skills test, or 1 month if an approved motorcycle course has been successfully completed.
After obtaining a motorcycle endorsement, the remaining operating conditions under the graduated driver licensing system do not apply.

Ontario

Motorcycle Safety Online – What you should know before you ride
This is not an official source of information. It has been assembled as a convenience to students for reference and further study. Some extracts from official sources such as Regulations are provided. These are not guaranteed to completely cover all the material available in the Regulations. URLs of those official sources are provided to allow the full text to be consulted.

Motorcycle Licenses:

Graduated Licensing for Motorcycle Riders

If you’re a new driver applying for your first licence to ride a motorcycle, you’ll need to enter Ontario’s graduated licensing system. That means you’ll earn full driving privileges in two stages.

Class M1

After you pass a motorcycle knowledge test, you will get a Class M1 licence and an information package for new riders.
New motorcycle riders with an M1 licence learn to ride under these four conditions:

Your blood alcohol level must be zero;
You must ride only during daylight hours (1/2 hour before sunrise to 1/2 hour after sunset);
You must not ride on highways with speed limits of more than 80 km/h except highways 11, 17, 61, 69, 71, 101, 102, 144, 655;
You cannot carry passengers.

Motorcycle riders with an M1 licence who successfully complete an approved motorcycle safety course that includes a road test with an M1 licence are exempt from taking the ministry’s M1 road test and can move to an M2 licence after 60 days. If you complete an approved safety course in either level, you can reduce the time that you must hold an M2 licence from 22 to 18 months. While the motorcycle safety course certificate is valid for two years from its issue date, it may only be used for the M1 road test exemption within six months of its issue date.

With a Class M1 licence, an operator can drive a moped, limited-speed motorcycle and a motorcycle.

Class M2

You must pass an M1 road test or complete an approved motorcycle safety course before receiving a Class M2 licence. You must have a Class M2 licence for a minimum of 22 months. If you complete an approved motorcycle safety course, you may reduce this time requirement by four months. With an M2 licence, you gain more privileges -you may ride at night and on any road. However, at this level:

Your blood alcohol level must be zero;
You will be eligible to take a Class M road test after you have completed the time required with an M2 licence;
You must pass this test to get a Class M licence.
Note: Class M2 and Class M licence holders may also drive Class G vehicles under the conditions that apply to a Class G1 licence holder.
With a Class M2 licence, the operator can drive a moped, limited-speed motorcycle and a motorcycle.

Graduated Licensing applies to drivers of limited-speed motorcycles and mopeds
A restricted class M licence can be obtained by drivers who operate a limited-speed motorcycle or moped. A limited-speed motorcycle is a motorcycle that has a maximum speed of 70 km/h. Applicants for the restricted class M licence are required to take both M1 and M2 road tests.

Like standard motorcycle drivers, new drivers applying for their limited-speed motorcycle or moped licence will enter Ontario’s graduated licensing system. You must be at least 16 years of age and pass a vision test and a test of your knowledge of the rules of the road and traffic signs. After you pass these tests, you will enter Level One and get an M1 licence. You must pass two road tests to become fully licensed on a limited-speed motorcycle or moped. Passing the first road test lets you move to Level Two (class M2 with L condition). Passing the second road test gives you restricted class M driving privileges. With this licence, you can drive mopeds and limited-speed motorcycles only; you will not be able to operate a full-powered motorcycle.

The ministry has approved motor scooter training courses. These courses are offered by motorcycle safety associations/colleges and these courses include road testing. Motorcycle safety associations/colleges may also offer motor scooter training courses without road testing. You may contact them directly to see what courses are offered. We would encourage you to check this website for information on motor scooter training courses.

Zero Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) for Novice and Young Drivers 21 and Under.

Effective August 1, 2010, both novice drivers of any age and all drivers 21 and under, regardless of licence class, must have a blood alcohol level of zero when operating a motor vehicle.
If you are a novice driver and are caught with any amount of alcohol in your blood, you will receive an immediate 24-hour roadside driver licence suspension. If convicted, will be subject to a fine from $60-$500 and will receive a suspension period as per the Novice Driver Escalating Sanction scheme, up to and including cancellation of the novice licence. You will also have to return to the start of GLS.

If you are a fully licensed driver who is 21 and under and you are caught with alcohol in your blood, you will receive a 24-hour roadside driver licence suspension. If convicted, you will be subject to a fine of $60-$500 and a 30-day licence suspension.

Escalating Sanctions for all Novice Drivers (G1, G2, M1, M2)

Effective August 1, 2010, novice or hybrid drivers (drivers that hold a novice licence and full licence, e.g., G/M2) will be subject to Novice Driver Escalating Sanctions. These sanctions will apply if, within a five year period, you:

Are convicted of violating any of the graduated licensing conditions;
Are convicted of HTA offences that result in 4 or more demerit points; or,
Receive a court-ordered suspension for an HTA offence that would have resulted in 4 or more demerit points

Novice Drivers

The Novice Driver Escalating Sanctions are as follows:

30-day licence suspension for the first occurrence;
90-day licence suspension for the second occurrence; and
Novice licence cancellation for the third occurrence. Upon a third occurrence, your novice driver’s licence will be cancelled and any time discount earned, time credited or fees paid would be forfeited. You must re-apply to the graduated licensing program by passing a vision and knowledge test and paying all licensing fees. After you pass these tests, you will enter Level One and get a Class G1 licence. You must serve all the Level One and Level Two waiting periods and start as a new driver. You would need to take a beginner driver education course to qualify for a time discount.

Hybrid Drivers

Drivers that hold a novice licence and full licence, e.g., G/M2.
The penalties for Escalating Sanctions are as follows:

30-day licence suspension for the first occurrence; both full and novice driver’s licence will be suspended.
90-day licence suspension for the second occurrence; both full and novice driver’s licence will be suspended.
Novice Licence cancellation for the third occurrence. Upon a third occurrence, your novice driver’s licence will be cancelled. You must re-apply to the graduated licensing program by passing a vision and knowledge test and paying all licensing fees. After you pass these tests, you will enter Level One and get a Class G1 licence. You must serve all the Level One and Level Two waiting periods and start as a new driver. You will not receive any driving experience credit from your previous novice class. Your full driver’s licence class will not be cancelled and a new licence card will be issued with your full class.

Note: If you receive a conviction for an escalating sanction offence but now hold a full class G driver’s licence, you will be required to serve the following:

30-day licence suspension for the first occurrence;
90-day licence suspension for the second occurrence; and
90-day licence suspension for the third occurrence.

Forfeited Fees:

If you prepaid any examination fees and are convicted for a third occurrence under Escalating Sanctions, all your pre-paid fees will be lost. You will be required to pay all
fees once you re-enter the GLS.

Licence for limited-speed motorcycle (LSM) and moped drivers

A restricted Class M licence permits the licence holder to operate only a:

Limited-speed motorcycle (motor scooter) and
Motor-assisted bicycle (moped)

Moped drivers have to hold a Class M licence or the restricted Class M licence to operate their moped. You need to pass a written test and complete both the M1 and M2 road tests and, if successful, you will receive a driver’s licence that allows you to operate a limited-speed motorcycle (motor scooter) and moped only.

M1 Licence

The holder of an M1 licence will be able to operate a limited-speed motorcycle, moped or full-speed motorcycle. At the time of booking your M1 road test, you must decide which type of vehicle you will use on the day of your road test, as it will determine which licence you get. The M1 licence must be held at least 60 days before you are eligible to attempt the M1 road test. The M1 licence will be valid for 90 days. M1 holders cannot drink alcohol, drive at night, carry passengers or drive on controlled-access highways.

Restricted M2 licence with L condition

The holder of an M1 licence who successfully completes their M1 road test on a limited-speed motorcycle or moped will receive a restricted M2 licence. The holder of a restricted M2 licence will be able to operate a limited-speed motorcycle or moped only. The restricted M2 licence must be held for 22 months (18 months if taking a ministry approved motorcycle safety course) before taking your M2 road test. Holders of a restricted M2 licence cannot drive on controlled-access highways (e.g., 400 series highways, the Queen Elizabeth Way, the Queensway in Ottawa and the Kitchener-Waterloo Expressway). Holders of a restricted M2 licence cannot drink alcohol and moped operators cannot carry passengers. (limited-speed motorcycle drivers may carry passengers at this stage but it is not recommended).

Restricted M licence with L condition

The holder of an M2 licence who successfully completes their M2 road test on a limited-speed motorcycle or moped will receive a restricted M licence. The holder of a restricted M licence will be able to operate a limited-speed motorcycle or moped only. Holders of a restricted M licence cannot drive on controlled-access highways (e.g., 400 series highways, the Queen Elizabeth Way, the Queensway in Ottawa and the Kitchener-Waterloo Expressway). Moped operators cannot carry passengers.

Vehicle Descriptions

Limited-speed motorcycle (motor scooter)

In Regulation 340/94, made under the Ontario Highway Traffic Act, a limited-speed motorcycle (LSM) is described as:

a. a motorcycle that:

Can attain a rate of speed of more than 32 km/hr on level ground within a distance of 1.6 kilometres from a standing start,
Has a maximum attainable speed of 70 km/hr or less,
Has steering handlebars that are completely constrained from rotating in relation to the axle of only one wheel in contact with the ground,
Has a minimum seat height, when the vehicle is unladen, of 650 millimetres
Has a minimum wheel rim diameter of 250 millimetres and a minimum wheelbase of 1016 millimetres
Has a maximum engine displacement of 50 cubic centimetres or less, or b. if the motorcycle was manufactured on, or after, September 1, 1988, it must have affixed a compliance label required under the Motor Vehicle Safety Act (Canada) that identifies the motor vehicle as a limited-speed motorcycle. The definition under the MotorVehicle Safety Act (Canada) is the same as above but does not have a minimum attainable speed or a maximum engine displacement. See section 1 (1) of the Ontario Highway Traffic Act for full definition.

Motor-Assisted Bicycle (Moped)

Under the Highway Traffic Act, a motor-assisted bicycle is a bicycle that:

Is fitted with pedals that are operable at all times to propel the bicycle,
Weighs 55 kilograms or less,
Has no hand or foot operated clutch or gearbox driven by the motor and transferring power to the driven wheel,
Has a piston displacement of not more than 50 cubic centimetres, and
Does not attain a speed greater than 50 km/hr on level ground within a distance of 2 km from a standing start

Operator’s Licence

What you will need to drive a limited-speed motorcycle or moped in Ontario

You must be at least 16 years of age and have a new restricted class M licence for limited-speed motorcycles and mopeds (class M2 with L condition or M with L condition) or a valid motorcycle licence (class M1, M2 or M) to drive either a limited-speed motorcycle or moped on public roads in Ontario. The vehicle must be insured, registered
and have a valid licence plate. The operator must wear an approved motorcycle helmet.

“L” Condition

The “M licence with L condition” allows the operation of limited-speed motorcycles and mopeds only. Limited-speed motorcycle/moped owners may take their road tests on their LSM/moped to obtain the M-licence with “L” condition.

The restriction is indicated as “L” on the licence card. The back of the licence card describes the restriction:

Did you know that moped collisions have risen?

Road testing for mopeds is expected to improve moped driver safety. Ontario’s most recent statistics show that moped collisions from 1999 to 2003 more than doubled (from 48 to 102) while the number of registered mopeds fell by almost one third (from 3,006 to 2,019) in the same period.

From 2002 to 2003, the number of injury collisions involving mopeds rose 33 percent. The rate of collisions involving motorcycles and mopeds in 2003 indicated mopeds were three times more likely to be involved in collisions than motorcycles.

Moped drivers are in a high-risk zone for collisions and we would encourage moped drivers to review the rules of the road often which are available on the ministry’s website and the official Motorcycle and Driver’s Handbooks.

New moped drivers are required to pass a written test and complete both the M1 and M2 road tests and, if successful, will receive a driver’s licence that allows you to operate a limited-speed motorcycle (motor scooter) and moped only.

Road tests for Limited-Speed Motorcycles (LSMs) and Mopeds

Drivers can take the road test on a limited-speed motorcycle or moped and receive a
driver’s licence for the operation of this type of vehicle only.

The type of M licence issued will be based on the type of vehicle used for the road test:

If you bring an LSM or moped for the M1 road test and pass this test, you will be issued a restricted M2 licence with an “L” condition.
If you bring an LSM or moped for the M2 road test and pass this test, you will be issued a restricted M licence with an “L” condition.
If you bring a full-speed motorcycle for the M1 road test and pass this test, you will be issued a Class M2 licence, which allows you to operate a motorcycle, a limited-speed motorcycle and a moped.
If you bring a full-speed motorcycle for the M2 road test and pass this test, you will be issued a Class M licence, which allows you to operate a motorcycle, a limited-speed motorcycle and a moped.

M1 Road Test for LSMs and Mopeds

The M1 road test for LSMs and mopeds is the same as the M1 road test for motorcycles. The test will be completed mainly on a DriveTest site and the applicant will be required to complete a three-part motorcycle skill test, including driving through sets of cones to test manoeuvring skills.

The restricted M1 licence must be held at least 60 days before applicants are eligible to attempt the M1 road test. The M1 licence is valid for 90 days. Remember, if you take the road test on your motor scooter or moped, you will receive a driver’s licence that allows you to operate these types of vehicles only. If you take the road test on a motorcycle, you will receive a driver’s licence that allows you to operate a motorcycle, LSM and moped.

Booking your M1 Road Test

Important: Applicants should decide what type of motorcycle licence they need and bring in the appropriate vehicle to do the road tests. The applicant will be informed prior to booking that if a limited-speed motorcycle with a maximum speed of 70 km/hr or a moped is used for a road test, then a restricted M2 licence will be issued, allowing them to operate that vehicle type only.

M2 Road Test for LSMs and Mopeds

The M2 road test for LSMs and mopeds is the same as the M2 road test for motorcycles with the exception of the freeway portion of the test, which has been omitted. You will be required to complete the business section of the road test on a roadway with a posted speed limit of 50 km/hr.

Important: Your LSM or moped must be capable of maintaining a safe speed on the 50km/hr road to complete the test. Before the road test can begin, you will be required to sign a declaration on the M2 Examination form that your LSM or moped is capable of maintaining a safe speed on a 50 km/hr road. If you are unable to sign the declaration, your road test will be cancelled and you may be charged half of your test fee. The safe speed may vary depending on road and traffic conditions. The examiner will give you directions through a disposable earphone and, as you complete the tasks, the examiner will watch to make sure you successfully perform the skills that are required in the road test.

The restricted M2 licence must be held for 22 months (18 months if taking a ministry approved motorcycle) before taking your M2 road test.

Important: If you take the road test on your motor scooter or moped, you will receive a driver’s licence that allows you to operate these types of vehicles only. If you take the road test on a motorcycle, you will receive a driver’s licence that allows you to operate a motorcycle, LSM and moped.

Booking your M2 Road Test

Important: To book an M2 road test, applicants are required to indicate if the test will be taken with an LSM, moped or motorcycle. If you said you were going to bring in a full-speed motorcycle but you bring in a limited-speed motorcycle, you will forfeit half of your road test fee. The automated online and telephone booking systems will inform and instruct applicants about booking an LSM or moped test.

Graduated Licensing

Graduated Licensing applies to drivers of limited-speed motorcycles and mopeds

LSM plate

A distinct licence plate is available to all limited-speed motorcycles registered after March 27, 2006. The plate is the same size as the motorcycle plate but is green with white lettering. LSMs that are newly plated after March 27, 2006, will have the LSM plate. The fees are the same as for motorcycle plates -$20.00 for the plate and $42.00 to validate and renew each year. Moped and motorcycle plates remain the same.

How can I tell if my vehicle is a limited-speed motorcycle?

The easiest way to identify if your vehicle is a limited-speed motorcycle is by the label.
The label is usually fastened to the steering column or under the seat. Look beside “type of vehicle” and it will say LSM/MVL. All newer models of LSMs and mopeds have a label for ease of identification.

If the vehicle was manufactured on, or after, September 1, 1988, it must have affixed a compliance label required under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Act (Canada) that identifies the motor vehicle as a limited-speed motorcycle.

If the vehicle was manufactured before September 1, 1988, and does not have a label, you will be able to identify it as a limited-speed motorcycle by the following:

Electric or gas powered
A maximum speed of 70 km/h
Automatic transmission
Has a “step-through” vehicle design
Maximum engine displacement of 50 cubic centimetres or less
To see if your LSM meets the approved definition, please see Vehicle Descriptions.

Where LSMs and mopeds can travel

You are not allowed to drive your limited-speed motorcycle or moped on controlled-access highways such as the 400 series highways, the Queen Elizabeth Way, the Queensway in Ottawa and the Kitchener-Waterloo Expressway. The holder of a Class M1 licence cannot drive their limited-speed motorcycle or moped on roads with speed limits of more than 80 km/hr. Local municipalities can ban mopeds from roads in their jurisdiction where the speed limit is 80 km/hr or greater.

How can I upgrade from an LSM/Moped to a motorcycle?

Limited-speed motorcycle and moped drivers with the new restricted M licence who wish to drive a full-speed motorcycle must successfully complete an M1 and M2 road test on a full-speed motorcycle. To fill out an application, visit a DriveTest Centre to apply for a temporary unrestricted licence and pay the required fee. This will allow you to practise on a full-speed motorcycle before taking a road test.

Visitors and new Ontario residents

If you hold a motorcycle licence from another Canadian jurisdiction that is equivalent to Ontario’s restricted class M licence, you will be able to exchange your licence.

Prince Edward Island (PEI)

Motorcycles

Required Equipment: Rearview mirror, brakes, horn, fenders, fuel tank cap, licence plate(s), muffler, speedometer, headlight brake light. taillight, passenger seat, registration card, tires, turn signals, and safety helmet.

Registration Required: Fee, $30 annually. Expires on the birthday of the registered owner.

Driver’s Licence: Class 6 motorcycle licence required. Fee, $10 to add Class 6 endorsement to an existing valid driver’s licence. Expires on birthday.

Licence Plates: Required, fee $5. Valid for one year. Minimum Age:16.

Daytime Headlight: While operating a motorcycle during daylight hours, the use of a headlight is required.

Special Driving Rules: Riding between lanes prohibited.

Mopeds

Registration: Required fee of $20 for the licence plate is required. Fee $5. Renewal fee applies.

Driver’s Licence: Valid operator’s licence or Class 6 motorcycle licence or Class 8 moped licence.

Minimum Age: 18 (16 with parental consent)

Safety Equipment Required: Helmet, headlamp, tail lamp, reflectors and brakes.

Out-of-Province Drivers’ Licence Exchange

If your original driver’s licence is from Canada, United States, Austria, Germany, the United Kingdom (including Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man), Australia, France, South Korea, Japan or Switzerland, you may get a Prince Edward Island driver’s licence at any Access PEI location without a written knowledge exam and driving test. This only applies to driver licences for passenger vehicles and motorcycles.

You must pass a vision test, pay the appropriate fees and provide the required documents in person.

Required documents to receive a PEI driver licence

A valid photo driver’s licence from your home jurisdiction.
Two documents that show your current address in Prince Edward Island such as a phone bill, electric bill, personal cheque, mail from the federal or provincial government, rental agreement, mortgage papers, letter from your employer or any other address-related document that may be approved.
If required, a certified translation of your driver’s licence or a translation done by the PEI Newcomer’s Association.
Immigration documents that show your legal status and length of stay in Canada.

Not from one of the countries listed above?

If your original driver’s licence is not from one of the countries listed above, you must pass a vision test, complete a written knowledge test on the rules of the road and successfully complete a driving test.

Appointments for driving tests can be arranged with any Access PEI office listed below. You will need to bring your own vehicle. Once you pass the driving test, provide the required documents (listed above) and pay the appropriate fees, you will receive a PEI Driver’s Licence.

The is available from any Access PEI location or online in English, French, Arabic and Chinese Simplified (Mandarin) from the Prince Edward Island Association for Newcomers.

Quebec
Motorcycle Safety Online – What you should know before you ride
This is not an official source of information. It has been assembled as a convenience to students for reference and further study. Some extracts from official sources such as Regulations are provided. These are not guaranteed to completely cover all the material available in the Regulations. URL’s of those official sources are provided to allow the full text to be consulted.

Motorcycle (Classes 6A, 6B and 6C)

To operate a motorcycle, you must hold a driver’s licence that corresponds to one of the following classes, based on the cylinder size of the motorcycle you wish to drive:

Class 6A: all motorcycles
Class 6B: cylinder size of 400 cc or less
Class 6C: cylinder size of 125 cc or less

Electric motorcycles are considered to be 125 cc motorcycles. Please read the compliance label in accordance with Canadian motor vehicle safety regulations to find out which type of vehicle you have. Your vehicle could be an electric moped or scooter.

These licences also authorize the holder to drive vehicles in Classes 6D and 8.

Basic requirements

Minimum age: 16. The Consent of a Person Having Parental Authority form (PDF: 69 Kb – 1 page) must be completed if the applicant is a minor;
Pass a motorcycle driving course given at a school recognized by theAssociation québécoise du transport et des routes (AQTR) – Web site in French only;
Pass the SAAQ’s vision test;
Pass the knowledge test;
Pass the closed track road test;
Pass the road test.

Experience required

Have held a Class 6R learner’s licence for at least 1 month. The Class 6R learner’s licence allows motorcycle operation only for purposes of a driving course or an SAAQ closed track test;
Have held a Class 6A learner’s licence for at least 11 months and have passed the road test;
Have held a probationary licence for 24 months, if you do not already hold a passenger vehicle (Class 5) driver’s licence.
Read the brochure entitled Prospective Motorcycle Operator for the procedure to follow to obtain these classes of driver’s licence.

Vision Test

Go to an SAAQ service centre to take a vision test.

To prepare properly
We recommend that you:

Study traffic regulations in the Driver’s Handbook;
Study driving techniques in the Operating a Motorcycle guide;
Check your knowledge online about driving a car or a motorcycle to practice.

Driver’s Licence – Motorcycle

Depending on the cylinder capacity of the motorcycle you want to ride, you must hold a driver’s licence with one of the following classes:

Class 6A: all motorcycles;
Class 6B: motorcycles with a cylinder capacity of 400 cc or less;
Class 6C: motorcycles with a cylinder capacity of 125 cc or less.

To get a class 6A, 6B or 6C licence, you must go through a series of steps and meet the requirements set out for each class.

Requirements

Be at least 16 years old; have the written Consent of a Person Having Parental Authority form (PDF) if you are a minor (under age 18);
Must first pass a knowledge test in order to get a class 6R learner’s licence, which is valid only for the purposes of a driving course and for the SAAQ closed track road test;
After holding a class 6R licence for at least one month, learners must successfully complete a driving course on operating a motorcycle, which includes a theoretical and two practical components and passes the closed- track test.
Only then are prospective motorcycle operators issued a class 6A learner’s licence, which must be held for at least eleven months, allowing them to practise with an accompanying rider on another motorcycle;
The last step is a road test, which prospective operators must pass in order to obtain a probationary or regular licence to operate a motorcycle. The probationary licence is valid for 24 months and is intended for motorcycle operators who do not hold a passenger vehicle (class 5) driver’s licence.

Learner’s Licence – Motorcycle (Class 6R)

First, you must get a class 6R learner’s licence.

With a 6R learner’s licence, you can learn the knowledge and develop the skills required to operate a motorcycle on a closed track or on the road, but only as part of a mandatory driving course taken at a driving school recognized by the Association québécoise du transport et des routes (AQTR) – French only, or at the SAAQ closed track road test.

You will, therefore, practice operating a motorcycle for the first time on a driving course.

Helmet use is mandatory. We also recommend that you wear a helmet with a face shield, or with goggles if there is no face shield. Clothing designed for motorcycle riding is also required including gloves, a long-sleeved jacket and long pants made of leather or synthetic material, as well as boots or sturdy shoes.

This licence is renewable

You have to go in person to an SAAQ service centre or licensing agent to renew it. However, if a vision test is required, you must go to a service centre.

Learner’s Licence – Motorcycle (Class 6A)

After holding a class 6R learner’s licence for at least one month, and passing a driving course that includes a theoretical part and two practical parts, one on a closed track and another on the road, you must pass the closed track test to be issued a class 6A learner’s licence.

This licence authorizes you to operate any motorcycle on the road, providing you are accompanied by a rider on another motorcycle.

This licence is renewable

You have to go in person to an SAAQ service centre or licensing agent to renew it. However, if a vision test is required, you must go to a service centre.

Probationary Licence – Motorcycle

The last step for drivers who do not hold a passenger vehicle (class 5) driver’s licence.

If you already hold a passenger vehicle (class 5) driver’s licence, you can get your motorcycle driver’s licence immediately after passing the road test.

This licence, which is valid for 24 months, has the following restrictions:

You must have fewer than 4 demerit points;
You are prohibited from driving after consuming alcohol (zero alcohol).

Moreover, you may not serve as an accompanying rider to assist someone learning to drive a road vehicle.

Getting a probationary licence

To get a probationary licence (or a motorcycle driver’s licence if you already hold a class 5 driver’s licence), you are required to:

Have held a class 6A learner’s licence for at least 11 months;
Make an appointment for the road test using our online services or with The SAAQ’s automated telephone service, where you will need to provide the file number (no de dossier) that appears on your learner’s licence;
Pass the SAAQ’s road test.

Saskatchewan

An M endorsement on Class 1 to 5 and 7 licence gives you the authority to operate a motorcycle, provided you:

Pass the supplementary written tests
Pass a complete in-traffic driving test on a motorcycle
Prerequisites

You must have a valid Motorcycle Learners Endorsement 6 on your driver’s licence before booking your driver exam. You’ll also need to supply a motorcycle for your test.

Resources

For additional information, consult the Motorcycle Driver’s Handbook or the MGDL page (reproduced below) to learn about graduated licensing for motorcyclists.

You can find a driver exam office near you to book an appointment or if you have any questions, contact our exam booking office at 1-800-667-5111.

New Drivers

The GDL program introduces you to the driving environment in 3 stages:

Learner -a minimum of 9 months
Novice 1 -lasts for 6 months
Novice 2 -lasts for 12 months

Each stage moves you gradually into higher risk driving situations and comes with certain driving restrictions.

As you pass through the stages and gain experience, you earn more driving privileges and see fewer restrictions until you graduate to an experienced Class 5 driver’s licence. While practising for your Class 5 driver’s licence, track your hours with the Practice log for new drivers (pdf, 16 kb).

Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of injury and death among Saskatchewan’s new drivers. The GDL program is in place to ensure new drivers learn and demonstrate safe driving habits, before getting their Class 5 driver’s licence.

Motorcycle Graduated Driving License (GDL) Program

Every year in Saskatchewan there are over 300 collisions involving motorcycles, often resulting in serious injuries or even fatalities. New riders are the most at risk for involvement in collisions, especially during the first 3 years of riding. The program starts June 18 and moves new motorcycle drivers through incremental levels of risk as they gain motorcycle driving experience. There are 3 stages through which new drivers must pass: Learner, Novice 1 and Novice 2.

Learner

Under the program, anyone wishing to get their motorcycle licence will be required to complete the basic rules of the road knowledge tests and pass a specific motorcycle knowledge test (written exams) to become a Learner motorcycle driver. It is strongly recommended that they successfully complete an SGI-approved motorcycle training course prior to operating a motorcycle as a Learner.

Parent or guardian approval (pdf, 17 kb) is required for persons under 18 years of age to apply for a motorcycle learner’s licence.

Novice 1 and Novice 2

To go from Learner to Novice 1, the holder of a Learner stage licence must earn 365 days without interruptions and pass the road test before they are eligible to graduate to Novice 1. The driver will then be required to remain incident free for 1 year in the Novice 1 stage before they are eligible to graduate to the Novice 2 stage. After the driver completes an additional year of incident-free driving in the Novice 2 stage they will graduate to a full and unrestricted “M” motorcycle licence.

An explanation of time frames, requirements and restrictions for each of the stages is included in the following chart:

Note: It is important to remember to activate your endorsement after passing your learner or road exam and renew your driver’s licence. If your licence is allowed to lapse, additional time will be required to complete the program and graduate to an experienced motorcycle driver.

Implementation

Motorcycle learner’s licence (Endorsement 6)

Motorcycle drivers that have a motorcycle learner’s licence (Endorsement 6) for more than 2 years prior to the MGDL implementation on June 18, 2011, are automatically placed in the Learner stage of the MGDL program. They will be subject to the same restrictions as a new motorcycle driver, but will also be limited to travelling within a 100 km radius of the primary or secondary address listed on the motorcycle’s registration certificate. However, they are credited with the time they earned as a learner and are eligible to take a motorcycle road test and move up to Novice 1 immediately. If they have more than 2 years of experience there is no expiry date for the Learner motorcyclist to complete their road test.
If the motorcycle learner (Endorsement 6) has less than 2 years driving experience before MGDL implementation on June 18, 2011, they have a 4-year (1,460-day) eligibility window to complete their motorcycle road test. If the learner does not complete their road test within that 4-year period, their motorcycle learner’s licence will no longer be valid.

Motorcycle (Endorsement M)

Any driver that holds a full Saskatchewan motorcycle Endorsement M will maintain the endorsement and will not be placed into the MGDL program regardless of how long they have held the Endorsement M.

Incidents and suspensions

If a driver in the MGDL program receives a conviction, suspension or is involved in an at-fault collision while driving their motorcycle, they will be required to restart their Novice 1 or Novice 2 stage experience earning period. They will also receive the appropriate amount of infraction points under the Graduated Driver’s Licensing Improvement program, MGDL Improvement Program or Driver Improvement Program. These incidents may also affect an individual’s Safe Driver Recognition (SDR) program discount or result in an SDR financial penalty.

MGDL Improvement Program

SGI has an improvement program to provide sanctions for offences that are known to contribute to motorcycle collisions in order to reduce fatalities and injuries.

The MGDL Improvement Program uses a points system for offences. The driver points for a traffic incident involving an MGDL driver will be the same as the points assigned under the Class 5 Graduated Driver’s Licensing (GDL) program (for new passenger vehicle drivers) or the Driver Improvement Program (for experienced passenger car drivers). However, the remedial action will be based on whether or not the incident is classified as a severe motorcycle offence.

Severe offences involving a new motorcycle driver could result in the removal of the person’s motorcycle endorsement.

The following 4 offences are classified as severe:

Speed greater than 50 km/h over the applicable speed limit
Driving in a contest of speed
Racing with another vehicle on the highway
Driver performing an activity on a highway that is likely to distract, startle or
Interfere with other users of the road (stunting)

All drivers in the MGDL program that incur 1 of these high-risk offences while on a motorcycle will be interviewed and, unless there are extenuating circumstances, their endorsement could be suspended for a period of 12 months, making them ineligible to operate a motorcycle.
All other traffic offences on a motorcycle are dealt with through the existing Class 5 GDL Improvement Program or the Driver Improvement Program if the driver is experienced.

Drinking and driving

The remedial action for alcohol-related incidents involving motorcycle drivers is
shown below.

Roadside administrative suspensions

Class 7 or Class 5 GDL motorcycle driver in the MGDL program

Drivers who drive after consuming any amount of alcohol will automatically face the following driver’s licence suspensions:

1st occurrence – immediate 30-day roadside driver’s licence suspension and a requirement to take a Driving Without Impairment (DWI) course within 90 days.
Subsequent occurrences – immediate 30-day roadside suspension, which is then extended to a 90-day suspension and a requirement to complete an addiction screening and either an education program or a recovery program before getting their licence back.

Experienced Class 1 to 5 motorcycle driver with a 6 or M endorsement in the MGDL program

Drivers who are caught with an alcohol level (BAC) exceeding .04 will automatically face the following driver’s licence suspensions:

1st occurrence – immediate 24-hour roadside suspension
2nd occurrence – immediate 24-hour roadside suspension. Once SGI is notified of the 24-hour suspension, drivers will be sent notice of a 15-day suspension along with a requirement to complete the DWI course within 90 days.
Subsequent occurrences – immediate 24-hour roadside suspension, which is extended to 90 days and a requirement to complete an addiction screening and either an education program or a recovery program before getting their licence back.

Out-of-province motorcycle experience

For motorcycle drivers who move to Saskatchewan from another jurisdiction, SGI will determine where the driver fits into the MGDL program based on their previous driving history. If they have a motorcycle learner’s licence from another province, they will receive their Endorsement 6 (motorcycle learner’s licence).

Should they have a full motorcycle licence from another jurisdiction, they will be required to provide a letter from their previous jurisdiction in order for SGI to determine where to place them -Novice 1, Novice 2 or experienced. For other provinces that have MGDL programs, SGI will be required to compare and determine the appropriate level to place the driver.

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